| 28th United States Congress | |||
United States Capitol (1846) |
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| Duration: March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845 | |||
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| Senate President: | Vacant | ||
| Senate Pres. pro tem: | Willie P. Mangum | ||
| House Speaker: | John W. Jones | ||
| Members: | 54 Senators 224 Representatives 3 Non-voting members |
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| Senate Majority: | Whig | ||
| House Majority: | Democratic | ||
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| Sessions | |||
| 1st: December 4, 1843 – June 17, 1844 2nd: December 2, 1844 – March 3, 1845 |
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The Twenty-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1843 to March 3, 1845, during the third and fourth years of John Tyler's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. The Senate had a Whig majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.
During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Florida.
| Party (Shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Law and Order (LO) |
Whig (W) |
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| End of the previous congress | 20 | 0 | 29 | 49 | 3 |
| Begin | 22 | 0 | 26 | 48 | 4 |
| End | 23 | 1 | 27 | 51 | 3 |
| Final voting share | 45.1% | 2.0% | 52.9% | ||
| Beginning of the next congress | 26 | 0 | 24 | 50 | 4 |
Following the 1840 United States Census, Congress reapportioned the House to include 223 seats (5 Stat. 491). During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Florida (5 Stat. 743).
| Affiliation | Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
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Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Independent Democratic (ID) |
Law and Order (LO) |
Whig (W) |
Independent Whig (IW) |
Other | Vacant | ||
| End of previous Congress | 100 | 1 | 0 | 139 | 0 | 1 | 241 | 1 |
| Begin | 147 | 1 | 2 | 72 | 1 | 0 | 223 | 0 |
| End | 141 | 78 | 1 | |||||
| Final voting share | 63.7% | 0.9% | 35.4% | 0.0% | ||||
| Beginning of next Congress | 138 | 0 | 0 | 78 | 0 | 6 | 222 | 2 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1844; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1846; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1848.
Representatives are listed by their districts.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| State (class) |
Former senator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee (1) |
Vacant | Rep. Alfred O. P. Nicholson resigned in 26th Congress | Ephraim H. Foster (W) | Elected October 17, 1843 |
| Tennessee (2) |
Vacant | Failure to elect | Spencer Jarnagin (W) | Elected October 17, 1843 |
| Maine (1) |
Vacant | Rep Reuel Williams resigned in previous congress | John Fairfield (D) | Elected December 4, 1843 |
| Louisiana (3) |
Vacant | Rep-elect Alexander Porter became ill, never took his seat and died January 14, 1844 | Henry Johnson (W) | Elected February 12, 1844 |
| Illinois (2) |
Samuel McRoberts (D) | Died March 27, 1843 | James Semple (D) | Elected December 4, 1843 |
| Missouri (3) |
Lewis F. Linn (D) | Died October 3, 1843 | David R. Atchison (D) | Elected December 14, 1843 |
| Rhode Island (1) |
William Sprague (D) | Resigned January 17, 1844 | John B. Francis (LO) | Elected January 25, 1844 |
| Alabama (2) |
William R. King (D) | Resigned April 15, 1844 after being appointed Minister to France | Dixon H. Lewis (D) | Elected April 22, 1844 |
| New York (1) |
Nathaniel P. Tallmadge (D) | Resigned June 17, 1844 after being appointed Governor of Wisconsin Territory | Daniel S. Dickinson (D) | Elected November 30, 1844 |
| Arkansas (2) |
William S. Fulton (D) | Died August 15, 1844 | Chester Ashley (D) | Elected November 8, 1844 |
| New York (3) |
Silas Wright (D) | Resigned November 26, 1844 after being elected Governor of New York | Henry A. Foster (D) | Appointed November 30, 1844 |
| New York (3) |
Henry A. Foster (D) | Successor elected January 27, 1845 | John A. Dix (D) | Elected January 27, 1845 |
| South Carolina (2) |
Daniel E. Huger (D) | Resigned March 3, 1845 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
| Florida (1) |
Vacant | Florida admitted to the Union March 3, 1845 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
| Florida (2) |
Vacant | Florida admitted to the Union March 3, 1845 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
| District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts 10th | Barker Burnell (W) | Died June 15, 1843 | Joseph Grinnell (W) | Seated December 7, 1843 |
| Georgia At-large | Mark A. Cooper (D) | Resigned June 26, 1843 to become candidate for Governor of Georgia | Alexander H. Stephens (W) | Seated October 2, 1843 |
| Georgia At-large | John B. Lamar (D) | Resigned July 29, 1843 | Absalom H. Chappell (W) | Seated October 2, 1843 |
| Georgia At-large | John Millen (D) | Died October 15, 1843 | Duncan L. Clinch (W) | Seated February 15, 1844 |
| Virginia 7th | Henry A. Wise (D) | Resigned February 12, 1844 after being appointed Minister to Brazil | Thomas H. Bayly (D) | Seated May 6, 1844 |
| Pennsylvania 21st | William Wilkens (D) | Resigned February 14, 1844 after being appointed United States Secretary of War | Cornelius Darragh (W) | Seated March 26, 1844 |
| Virginia 5th | Thomas W. Gilmer (D) | Resigned February 16, 1844 after being appointed United States Secretary of the Navy | William L. Goggin (W) | Seated April 25, 1844 |
| Pennsylvania 13th | Henry Frick (W) | Died March 1, 1844 | James Pollock (W) | Seated April 5, 1844 |
| Ohio 10th | Heman A. Moore (D) | Died April 3, 1844 | Alfred P. Stone (D) | Seated October 8, 1844 |
| Alabama 3rd | Dixon H. Lewis (D) | Resigned April 22, 1844 after being appointed US Senator | William L. Yancey (D) | Seated December 2, 1844 |
| Louisiana 4th | Pierre Bossier (D) | Died April 24, 1844 | Isaac E. Morse (D) | Seated December 2, 1844 |
| New York 20th | Samuel Beardsley (D) | Resigned April 29, 1844 after being appointed associate judge of New York Supreme Court | Levi D. Carpenter (D) | Seated November 5, 1844 |
| Ohio 21st | Henry R. Brinkerhoff (D) | Died April 30, 1844 | Edward S. Hamlin (W) | Seated October 8, 1844 |
| Pennsylvania 12th | Almon H. Read (D) | Died June 3, 1844 | George Fuller (D) | Seated December 2, 1844 |
| Florida Territory At-large | David L. Yulee (D) | Seat was eliminated when Florida achieved statehood March 3, 1845 | ||
| Florida At-large |
Florida was admitted to the Union on March 3, 1845 | Vacant | Not filled this term | |
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